if you buy a new transistor learn this first.
the old originals have all plastic cases, front/back , not leads.(lol)
the newer ones have metal backs shorted to C pin and if you just slam it to the heat sink suzuki, C pin is NOW shorted to ground. (Injector goes made see why below)
in this case only,
use mica washers if you do that.
mica does not conduct electrons but does big time heat, thermal conductivity high.
also the transistor above has normal 5k (5000) ohm base leakage, per link above data sheet.
the beta hFE can hit 10000 (not a typo) at 1amp IC. huge gain this puppy has, and is why it can wire to lower power logic and just work great.
as high as hFE 15,000.... (1amp IC with only 66 microamps (uA)on the base. 66.e-6) a 137k resistor to 9v battery does that (R=E/I , 9v/66e-6.)
so is a tricky test (only these parts) for sure not knowing how darlingtons work. (that name is for man how invented the idea)
these transistors never fail not abused. some cars still running 37 years no fails at all (these transistors)
the ECU modulates the 2 pins, using PWM , to keep all parts in this chain cool, (average power is small) super effective this is.
It works using the magic in the injector that uses natural solenoid inside inertia. (it wants to say open so we cut the voltage and it stays open still, then hit again and again before this inertia ends inside. and runs way way cooler up to 20 chopper pulsed done in fact on one firing of 1 cylinder)
this how it works on some cars they have 12-15vdc peak and old injectors that need no cooling or tiny.
one more fact to know , (we think this way to wonder how it failed to begin with, not replacing parts blind ,but thinking)
if you put 12vdc across the injector using say a car battery, the injector coil burns up to a crisps in seconds. oops I let the smoke out of 1 injector.
how how hackers blow up injectors 101:
the modulation is on both ends of the injector Plus+ RED and yellow wire minus ! it is in fact timed and bipolar driven.
this combined duty cycle uses both at the same time, so if you say use a ground wire (mr,hackers) (abad 1415) as many found, they add a ground wire to Yellow wire. (hacker cant afford $400 ECU or omg none exist like on Samurai. ouch)
now the injector goes nuts hacked, and over injects like mad.
folks that do that make diagnosing this error super hard if the hack is well hidden. (seen it done in hidden harnesses {looms})
only a scope finds this hack if not seen with eyes on all related wires and pins.
then modern Cars :
fast forward to 2020. ECU/PCM/BCM,etc now have smart drivers that MOS-FET and self shut down if someone or something goes nuts.
over current and over heat projection. Yah !
our ECUs has NO protection on any output (inputs yes) other than the natural wattage of the transistors or working PWM in effect.
hot wiring it NO. boom.
that is all I have on these 2 transistors, and I see no ECUs for sale on Samurai now.
due to that I did a longer post, for you or others that like to read long posts (none?)
the old originals have all plastic cases, front/back , not leads.(lol)
the newer ones have metal backs shorted to C pin and if you just slam it to the heat sink suzuki, C pin is NOW shorted to ground. (Injector goes made see why below)
in this case only,
use mica washers if you do that.
mica does not conduct electrons but does big time heat, thermal conductivity high.
also the transistor above has normal 5k (5000) ohm base leakage, per link above data sheet.
the beta hFE can hit 10000 (not a typo) at 1amp IC. huge gain this puppy has, and is why it can wire to lower power logic and just work great.
as high as hFE 15,000.... (1amp IC with only 66 microamps (uA)on the base. 66.e-6) a 137k resistor to 9v battery does that (R=E/I , 9v/66e-6.)
so is a tricky test (only these parts) for sure not knowing how darlingtons work. (that name is for man how invented the idea)
these transistors never fail not abused. some cars still running 37 years no fails at all (these transistors)
the ECU modulates the 2 pins, using PWM , to keep all parts in this chain cool, (average power is small) super effective this is.
It works using the magic in the injector that uses natural solenoid inside inertia. (it wants to say open so we cut the voltage and it stays open still, then hit again and again before this inertia ends inside. and runs way way cooler up to 20 chopper pulsed done in fact on one firing of 1 cylinder)
this how it works on some cars they have 12-15vdc peak and old injectors that need no cooling or tiny.
one more fact to know , (we think this way to wonder how it failed to begin with, not replacing parts blind ,but thinking)
if you put 12vdc across the injector using say a car battery, the injector coil burns up to a crisps in seconds. oops I let the smoke out of 1 injector.
how how hackers blow up injectors 101:
the modulation is on both ends of the injector Plus+ RED and yellow wire minus ! it is in fact timed and bipolar driven.
this combined duty cycle uses both at the same time, so if you say use a ground wire (mr,hackers) (abad 1415) as many found, they add a ground wire to Yellow wire. (hacker cant afford $400 ECU or omg none exist like on Samurai. ouch)
now the injector goes nuts hacked, and over injects like mad.
folks that do that make diagnosing this error super hard if the hack is well hidden. (seen it done in hidden harnesses {looms})
only a scope finds this hack if not seen with eyes on all related wires and pins.
then modern Cars :
fast forward to 2020. ECU/PCM/BCM,etc now have smart drivers that MOS-FET and self shut down if someone or something goes nuts.
over current and over heat projection. Yah !
our ECUs has NO protection on any output (inputs yes) other than the natural wattage of the transistors or working PWM in effect.
hot wiring it NO. boom.
that is all I have on these 2 transistors, and I see no ECUs for sale on Samurai now.
due to that I did a longer post, for you or others that like to read long posts (none?)
http://www.fixkick.com